Mathematics in perpetuity

Movie Review 4

Story of Maths 4

To Infinity and Beyond

For the previous story of maths it had untold the mysteries that the world has laid upon us. The history of mathematics had journeyed to the different countries across the globe to seek the root and origin of the modern mathematics we have been using nowadays. It has been known that the countries of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, India, China, Islamic Empire, Persia, Italy, France, Holland, Britain, Germany and Switzerland became the flagship of the early mathematical discoveries. They had contributed to the discoveries and inventions of theorems, principles, axioms and rules in arithmetic, geometry, algebra and other branches of mathematics. In which the great minds from the north, south, east and west had prevailed to conquer the unresolved problems of the developing world.

Our journey had come this far to cross the path of Eastern Germany, where the great mathematician George Cantor had lived to be the first person to understand the concept of infinity. There are infinitely much infinity. There are infinities in fraction in which he showed by putting them in infinity grids. The concept of infinity has opened a new door of mathematical progress. According to Cantor, the absolute infinite is only in God.  But the continuum hypothesis became Cantor’s problem he tussled for the rest of his life that he didn’t leaved to the hands of the almighty.

The mathematician that had been the greatest man produced by France was Henri Poincare. He was good at the world of mathematics and lead to all kinds of its applications. Poincare simplified the mathematical technique that Newton had started. It was all about how the solar system turns in the orbit. But he made a mistake on his simplification. His discovery had led to the Chaos theory we now know.  Aside from his illustrious gaffe he also wrote various books about the importance of mathematics. Poincare’s most vital contribution to modern mathematics was the Seven Bridges of Konigsberg. Leonhard Euler originally solved the century puzzle in which he proved that there could be no route of passing the seven bridges only once. He made a conceptual leap to solve the problem. This problem was considered to be a new position of geometry, which is the topology. Topological principles are widely used just like in all of the metro maps all over the world. Poincare worked out on topological problems and the questions turned out to be Poincare Conjecture. Grisha Perelman finally solved those. But this Russian mathematician refused to publicized himself. Another mathematician that had proved theorems without winning prizes was David Hilbert. He studied the number theory, and revolutionized the integral equation theory. There were a lot of Hilbert’s endowments to the present mathematicians, and those were the Hilbert Space, the Hilbert Classification, Hilbert Inequality and several Hilbert theorems. Above all he proved the existence of infinity. Hilbert believed that mathematics was a universal language that is a powerful one which could disengage the world’s undeniable truth.

At Vienna, an Austrian mathematician named Kurt Godel destroyed Hilbert’s belief.  He proved the questions of Hilbert in an opposite manner which later called as the Incompleteness Theorem. Godel’s proof had given mathematics a crisis.

Many European mathematicians had played as a contributor to the vast number of different theorems that has been proven. Some were: Hermann Weyl who had his researches significant for the theoretical physics, John Von Neumann who developed game theory and was the one who broke new grounds to computer science. Another was Paul Cohen who has astounded the mathematical world, but he was one of those famous American mathematicians.

Sofia Kovalevskaya, became the first female mathematician and right come after Emmy Noether who was great in the field of algebra and also Julia Robinson who was the first woman who became elected in American Mathematical Society as president. Robinson developed the hypothesis named after her which is the Robinson Hypothesis. Julia Robinson showed there was no universal method to solve all equations in whole numbers. Another was Evariste Galois who believed that mathematics shouldn't be the study of number and shape, but the study of structure. But he died at a very young age of 20. He had discovered new techniques to tell if there are solutions to certain questions. He used geometry to analyze equations. Galois first developed algebraic geometry which is a whole new language for understanding solutions to equations. In which new mathematical structures were shown.

On top of all the mathematical proofs and theorems, all those had made way to make mathematics to pervade on the every aspect of everyone’s life. Mathematics is a proof until someone has proven it. In this journey along the story of mathematics I had really grown to love mathematics as it is. It had given a lot of reasons there is to give importance to the mathematicians around the globe. Whatever country they came from, they all have given the world a better understanding to the chaotic universe of numbers, shapes, patterns and the comprehension of them all.